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二十五、Docker 安装 Tomcat

2020-12-07 分类：Docker 教程 评论(0)
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Tomcat 是 Java Web 最流行的容器之一，Docker 安装 Tomcat 有两种方法

我们以当前最新的版本 9.0.8 安装为例

因为 Tomcat 需要 Java 环境，我们使用的是 jre8

1. docker pull tomcat

这种方法非常适合只需要使用 Tomcat 的开发者

  1. 查找 Docker Hub 上的 tomcat 镜像

    [root@localhost ~]# docker search tomcat
NAME     DESCRIPTION                          OFFICIAL   
tomcat   Apache Tomcat is an open source ...  [OK]  
...

    有很多版本，我们选择官方的 tomcat

  2. 拉取官方的镜像,标签为 9.0.8-jre8

    [root@localhost ~]# docker pull tomcat:9.0.8-jre8
9.0.8-jre8: Pulling from library/tomcat
  3. 稍等片刻，就能在本地镜像列表里看到 tomcat 了

    [root@localhost ~]# docker images tomcat
REPOSITORY   TAG           IMAGE ID         CREATED        SIZE
tomcat       9.0.8-jre8    fffeb191ae8c     2 weeks ago    465.6 MB

    一个 Tomcat 容器 400m ….

  4. 通过 Dockerfile 构建

可以使用 Dockerfile 定制自己的 Tomcat 容器

  1. 创建目录 tomcat ,用于存放后面的相关东西

    [root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p ~/tomcat/webapps ~/tomcat/logs ~/tomcat/conf
    目录 说明
    webapps 将映射为 tomcat 容器配置的应用程序目录
    logs 将映射为 tomcat 容器的日志目录
    conf 该目录下的配置文件将映射为 tomcat 容器的配置文件
  2. 进入 tomcat目录，创建 Dockerfile

    [root@localhost ~]# cd tomcat
[root@localhost tomcat]# vi Dockerfile

    复制并粘贴以下内容：

    FROM openjdk:8-jre

ENV CATALINA_HOME /usr/local/tomcat
ENV PATH $CATALINA_HOME/bin:$PATH
RUN mkdir -p "$CATALINA_HOME"
WORKDIR $CATALINA_HOME

# let "Tomcat Native" live somewhere isolated
ENV TOMCAT_NATIVE_LIBDIR $CATALINA_HOME/native-jni-lib
ENV LD_LIBRARY_PATH ${LD_LIBRARY_PATH:+$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:}$TOMCAT_NATIVE_LIBDIR

# runtime dependencies for Tomcat Native Libraries
# Tomcat Native 1.2+ requires a newer version of OpenSSL than debian:jessie has available
# > checking OpenSSL library version >= 1.0.2...
# > configure: error: Your version of OpenSSL is not compatible with this version of tcnative
# see http://tomcat.10.x6.nabble.com/VOTE-Release-Apache-Tomcat-8-0-32-tp5046007p5046024.html (and following discussion)
# and https://github.com/docker-library/tomcat/pull/31
ENV OPENSSL_VERSION 1.1.0f-3+deb9u2
RUN set -ex; 
    currentVersion="$(dpkg-query --show --showformat '${Version}n' openssl)"; 
    if dpkg --compare-versions "$currentVersion" '<<' "$OPENSSL_VERSION"; then 
        if ! grep -q stretch /etc/apt/sources.list; then 
# only add stretch if we're not already building from within stretch
            { 
                echo 'deb http://deb.debian.org/debian stretch main'; 
                echo 'deb http://security.debian.org stretch/updates main'; 
                echo 'deb http://deb.debian.org/debian stretch-updates main'; 
            } > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/stretch.list; 
            { 
# add a negative "Pin-Priority" so that we never ever get packages from stretch unless we explicitly request them
                echo 'Package: *'; 
                echo 'Pin: release n=stretch*'; 
                echo 'Pin-Priority: -10'; 
                echo; 
# ... except OpenSSL, which is the reason we're here
                echo 'Package: openssl libssl*'; 
                echo "Pin: version $OPENSSL_VERSION"; 
                echo 'Pin-Priority: 990'; 
            } > /etc/apt/preferences.d/stretch-openssl; 
        fi; 
        apt-get update; 
        apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends openssl="$OPENSSL_VERSION"; 
        rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*; 
    fi

RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends 
        libapr1 
    && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*

ENV TOMCAT_MAJOR 9
ENV TOMCAT_VERSION 9.0.8

ENV TOMCAT_TGZ_URLS 
# https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/INFRA-8753?focusedCommentId=14735394#comment-14735394
    https://www.apache.org/dyn/closer.cgi?action=download&filename=tomcat/tomcat-$TOMCAT_MAJOR/v$TOMCAT_VERSION/bin/apache-tomcat-$TOMCAT_VERSION.tar.gz 
# if the version is outdated, we might have to pull from the dist/archive :/
    https://www-us.apache.org/dist/tomcat/tomcat-$TOMCAT_MAJOR/v$TOMCAT_VERSION/bin/apache-tomcat-$TOMCAT_VERSION.tar.gz 
    https://www.apache.org/dist/tomcat/tomcat-$TOMCAT_MAJOR/v$TOMCAT_VERSION/bin/apache-tomcat-$TOMCAT_VERSION.tar.gz 
    https://archive.apache.org/dist/tomcat/tomcat-$TOMCAT_MAJOR/v$TOMCAT_VERSION/bin/apache-tomcat-$TOMCAT_VERSION.tar.gz

ENV TOMCAT_ASC_URLS 
    https://www.apache.org/dyn/closer.cgi?action=download&filename=tomcat/tomcat-$TOMCAT_MAJOR/v$TOMCAT_VERSION/bin/apache-tomcat-$TOMCAT_VERSION.tar.gz.asc 
# not all the mirrors actually carry the .asc files :'(
    https://www-us.apache.org/dist/tomcat/tomcat-$TOMCAT_MAJOR/v$TOMCAT_VERSION/bin/apache-tomcat-$TOMCAT_VERSION.tar.gz.asc 
    https://www.apache.org/dist/tomcat/tomcat-$TOMCAT_MAJOR/v$TOMCAT_VERSION/bin/apache-tomcat-$TOMCAT_VERSION.tar.gz.asc 
    https://archive.apache.org/dist/tomcat/tomcat-$TOMCAT_MAJOR/v$TOMCAT_VERSION/bin/apache-tomcat-$TOMCAT_VERSION.tar.gz.asc

RUN set -eux; 

    savedAptMark="$(apt-mark showmanual)"; 
    apt-get update; 

    apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends gnupg dirmngr; 

    apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends wget ca-certificates; 

    success=; 
    for url in $TOMCAT_TGZ_URLS; do 
        if wget -O tomcat.tar.gz "$url"; then 
            success=1; 
            break; 
        fi; 
    done; 
    [ -n "$success" ]; 

    tar -xvf tomcat.tar.gz --strip-components=1; 
    rm bin/*.bat; 
    rm tomcat.tar.gz*; 

    nativeBuildDir="$(mktemp -d)"; 
    tar -xvf bin/tomcat-native.tar.gz -C "$nativeBuildDir" --strip-components=1; 
    apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends 
        dpkg-dev 
        gcc 
        libapr1-dev 
        libssl-dev 
        make 
        "openjdk-${JAVA_VERSION%%[.~bu-]*}-jdk=$JAVA_DEBIAN_VERSION" 
    ; 
    ( 
        export CATALINA_HOME="$PWD"; 
        cd "$nativeBuildDir/native"; 
        gnuArch="$(dpkg-architecture --query DEB_BUILD_GNU_TYPE)"; 
        ./configure 
            --build="$gnuArch" 
            --libdir="$TOMCAT_NATIVE_LIBDIR" 
            --prefix="$CATALINA_HOME" 
            --with-apr="$(which apr-1-config)" 
            --with-java-home="$(docker-java-home)" 
            --with-ssl=yes; 
        make -j "$(nproc)"; 
        make install; 
    ); 
    rm -rf "$nativeBuildDir"; 
    rm bin/tomcat-native.tar.gz; 

# reset apt-mark's "manual" list so that "purge --auto-remove" will remove all build dependencies
    apt-mark auto '.*' > /dev/null; 
    [ -z "$savedAptMark" ] || apt-mark manual $savedAptMark; 
    apt-get purge -y --auto-remove -o APT::AutoRemove::RecommendsImportant=false; 
    rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*; 

# sh removes env vars it doesn't support (ones with periods)
# https://github.com/docker-library/tomcat/issues/77
    find ./bin/ -name '*.sh' -exec sed -ri 's|^#!/bin/sh$|#!/usr/bin/env bash|' '{}' +

# verify Tomcat Native is working properly
RUN set -e 
    && nativeLines="$(catalina.sh configtest 2>&1)" 
    && nativeLines="$(echo "$nativeLines" | grep 'Apache Tomcat Native')" 
    && nativeLines="$(echo "$nativeLines" | sort -u)" 
    && if ! echo "$nativeLines" | grep 'INFO: Loaded APR based Apache Tomcat Native library' >&2; then 
        echo >&2 "$nativeLines"; 
        exit 1; 
    fi

EXPOSE 8080
CMD ["catalina.sh", "run"]
  3. 使用 docker build 命令通过 Dockerfile 创建一个镜像 my-tomcat:9.0.8-jre8

    [root@localhost tomcat]# docker build -t my-tomcat:9.0.8-jre8 .
Sending build context to Docker daemon 10.75 kB
...
  4. 稍等片刻，创建完成后就可以在本地的镜像列表里查找到刚刚创建的镜像

    [root@localhost tomcat]# docker images my-tomcat
REPOSITORY   TAG           IMAGE ID         CREATED        SIZE
my-tomcat    9.0.8-jre8    d0ff57656e50     11 days ago    463.8 MB

运行 tomcat 容器

首先创建 tomcat/webapps/demo 目录并在 demo 目录下放一个 index.html 文件，内容如下

<!DOCTYPE html>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<h2>Hello www.cmsblogs.cn</h2>
<p>大白菜博客，学的不仅仅是技术，更是梦想！</p>

然后使用 docker run 运行 my-tomcat 容器

[root@localhost tomcat]# docker run -d --name tomcat -p 8080:8080 -v $PWD/webapps/demo:/usr/local/tomcat/webapps/demo tomcat:9.0.8-jre8
e139c23bf7bc3a4926db947e63fa0c07b771fc9b400645668945c07cb8dfd05a

命令说明

  1. -p 8080:8080

    将容器的 8080 端口映射到主机的 8080 端口

  2. -v $PWD/webapps/demo:/usr/local/tomcat/webapps/demo

    将主机中当前目录下的 webapps/demo 挂载到容器的 /usr/local/tomcat/webapps/demo

查看容器启动情况

可以使用 docker ps -a 查看 tomcat 容器的运行状况

[root@localhost tomcat]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE               STATUS
e139c23bf7bc   tomcat:9.0.8-jre8   Up About a minute

通过浏览器访问 http://localhost:8080/demo/

输出如下

20201207122415446.png

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