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二十五、Docker 安装 Tomcat

几个T的资料等你来白嫖
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Tomcat 是 Java Web 最流行的容器之一,Docker 安装 Tomcat 有两种方法

我们以当前最新的版本 9.0.8 安装为例

因为 Tomcat 需要 Java 环境,我们使用的是 jre8

1. docker pull tomcat

这种方法非常适合只需要使用 Tomcat 的开发者

  1. 查找 Docker Hub 上的 tomcat 镜像

    [root@localhost ~]# docker search tomcat
    NAME     DESCRIPTION                          OFFICIAL   
    tomcat   Apache Tomcat is an open source ...  [OK]  
    ...

    有很多版本,我们选择官方的 tomcat

  2. 拉取官方的镜像,标签为 9.0.8-jre8

    [root@localhost ~]# docker pull tomcat:9.0.8-jre8
    9.0.8-jre8: Pulling from library/tomcat
  3. 稍等片刻,就能在本地镜像列表里看到 tomcat

    [root@localhost ~]# docker images tomcat
    REPOSITORY   TAG           IMAGE ID         CREATED        SIZE
    tomcat       9.0.8-jre8    fffeb191ae8c     2 weeks ago    465.6 MB

    一个 Tomcat 容器 400m ….

  4. 通过 Dockerfile 构建

可以使用 Dockerfile 定制自己的 Tomcat 容器

  1. 创建目录 tomcat ,用于存放后面的相关东西

    [root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p ~/tomcat/webapps ~/tomcat/logs ~/tomcat/conf
    目录 说明
    webapps 将映射为 tomcat 容器配置的应用程序目录
    logs 将映射为 tomcat 容器的日志目录
    conf 该目录下的配置文件将映射为 tomcat 容器的配置文件
  2. 进入 tomcat目录,创建 Dockerfile

    [root@localhost ~]# cd tomcat
    [root@localhost tomcat]# vi Dockerfile

    复制并粘贴以下内容:

    FROM openjdk:8-jre
    
    ENV CATALINA_HOME /usr/local/tomcat
    ENV PATH $CATALINA_HOME/bin:$PATH
    RUN mkdir -p "$CATALINA_HOME"
    WORKDIR $CATALINA_HOME
    
    # let "Tomcat Native" live somewhere isolated
    ENV TOMCAT_NATIVE_LIBDIR $CATALINA_HOME/native-jni-lib
    ENV LD_LIBRARY_PATH ${LD_LIBRARY_PATH:+$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:}$TOMCAT_NATIVE_LIBDIR
    
    # runtime dependencies for Tomcat Native Libraries
    # Tomcat Native 1.2+ requires a newer version of OpenSSL than debian:jessie has available
    # > checking OpenSSL library version >= 1.0.2...
    # > configure: error: Your version of OpenSSL is not compatible with this version of tcnative
    # see http://tomcat.10.x6.nabble.com/VOTE-Release-Apache-Tomcat-8-0-32-tp5046007p5046024.html (and following discussion)
    # and https://github.com/docker-library/tomcat/pull/31
    ENV OPENSSL_VERSION 1.1.0f-3+deb9u2
    RUN set -ex; 
        currentVersion="$(dpkg-query --show --showformat '${Version}n' openssl)"; 
        if dpkg --compare-versions "$currentVersion" '<<' "$OPENSSL_VERSION"; then 
            if ! grep -q stretch /etc/apt/sources.list; then 
    # only add stretch if we're not already building from within stretch
                { 
                    echo 'deb http://deb.debian.org/debian stretch main'; 
                    echo 'deb http://security.debian.org stretch/updates main'; 
                    echo 'deb http://deb.debian.org/debian stretch-updates main'; 
                } > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/stretch.list; 
                { 
    # add a negative "Pin-Priority" so that we never ever get packages from stretch unless we explicitly request them
                    echo 'Package: *'; 
                    echo 'Pin: release n=stretch*'; 
                    echo 'Pin-Priority: -10'; 
                    echo; 
    # ... except OpenSSL, which is the reason we're here
                    echo 'Package: openssl libssl*'; 
                    echo "Pin: version $OPENSSL_VERSION"; 
                    echo 'Pin-Priority: 990'; 
                } > /etc/apt/preferences.d/stretch-openssl; 
            fi; 
            apt-get update; 
            apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends openssl="$OPENSSL_VERSION"; 
            rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*; 
        fi
    
    RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends 
            libapr1 
        && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
    
    ENV TOMCAT_MAJOR 9
    ENV TOMCAT_VERSION 9.0.8
    
    ENV TOMCAT_TGZ_URLS 
    # https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/INFRA-8753?focusedCommentId=14735394#comment-14735394
        https://www.apache.org/dyn/closer.cgi?action=download&filename=tomcat/tomcat-$TOMCAT_MAJOR/v$TOMCAT_VERSION/bin/apache-tomcat-$TOMCAT_VERSION.tar.gz 
    # if the version is outdated, we might have to pull from the dist/archive :/
        https://www-us.apache.org/dist/tomcat/tomcat-$TOMCAT_MAJOR/v$TOMCAT_VERSION/bin/apache-tomcat-$TOMCAT_VERSION.tar.gz 
        https://www.apache.org/dist/tomcat/tomcat-$TOMCAT_MAJOR/v$TOMCAT_VERSION/bin/apache-tomcat-$TOMCAT_VERSION.tar.gz 
        https://archive.apache.org/dist/tomcat/tomcat-$TOMCAT_MAJOR/v$TOMCAT_VERSION/bin/apache-tomcat-$TOMCAT_VERSION.tar.gz
    
    ENV TOMCAT_ASC_URLS 
        https://www.apache.org/dyn/closer.cgi?action=download&filename=tomcat/tomcat-$TOMCAT_MAJOR/v$TOMCAT_VERSION/bin/apache-tomcat-$TOMCAT_VERSION.tar.gz.asc 
    # not all the mirrors actually carry the .asc files :'(
        https://www-us.apache.org/dist/tomcat/tomcat-$TOMCAT_MAJOR/v$TOMCAT_VERSION/bin/apache-tomcat-$TOMCAT_VERSION.tar.gz.asc 
        https://www.apache.org/dist/tomcat/tomcat-$TOMCAT_MAJOR/v$TOMCAT_VERSION/bin/apache-tomcat-$TOMCAT_VERSION.tar.gz.asc 
        https://archive.apache.org/dist/tomcat/tomcat-$TOMCAT_MAJOR/v$TOMCAT_VERSION/bin/apache-tomcat-$TOMCAT_VERSION.tar.gz.asc
    
    RUN set -eux; 
    
        savedAptMark="$(apt-mark showmanual)"; 
        apt-get update; 
    
        apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends gnupg dirmngr; 
    
        apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends wget ca-certificates; 
    
        success=; 
        for url in $TOMCAT_TGZ_URLS; do 
            if wget -O tomcat.tar.gz "$url"; then 
                success=1; 
                break; 
            fi; 
        done; 
        [ -n "$success" ]; 
    
        tar -xvf tomcat.tar.gz --strip-components=1; 
        rm bin/*.bat; 
        rm tomcat.tar.gz*; 
    
        nativeBuildDir="$(mktemp -d)"; 
        tar -xvf bin/tomcat-native.tar.gz -C "$nativeBuildDir" --strip-components=1; 
        apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends 
            dpkg-dev 
            gcc 
            libapr1-dev 
            libssl-dev 
            make 
            "openjdk-${JAVA_VERSION%%[.~bu-]*}-jdk=$JAVA_DEBIAN_VERSION" 
        ; 
        ( 
            export CATALINA_HOME="$PWD"; 
            cd "$nativeBuildDir/native"; 
            gnuArch="$(dpkg-architecture --query DEB_BUILD_GNU_TYPE)"; 
            ./configure 
                --build="$gnuArch" 
                --libdir="$TOMCAT_NATIVE_LIBDIR" 
                --prefix="$CATALINA_HOME" 
                --with-apr="$(which apr-1-config)" 
                --with-java-home="$(docker-java-home)" 
                --with-ssl=yes; 
            make -j "$(nproc)"; 
            make install; 
        ); 
        rm -rf "$nativeBuildDir"; 
        rm bin/tomcat-native.tar.gz; 
    
    # reset apt-mark's "manual" list so that "purge --auto-remove" will remove all build dependencies
        apt-mark auto '.*' > /dev/null; 
        [ -z "$savedAptMark" ] || apt-mark manual $savedAptMark; 
        apt-get purge -y --auto-remove -o APT::AutoRemove::RecommendsImportant=false; 
        rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*; 
    
    # sh removes env vars it doesn't support (ones with periods)
    # https://github.com/docker-library/tomcat/issues/77
        find ./bin/ -name '*.sh' -exec sed -ri 's|^#!/bin/sh$|#!/usr/bin/env bash|' '{}' +
    
    # verify Tomcat Native is working properly
    RUN set -e 
        && nativeLines="$(catalina.sh configtest 2>&1)" 
        && nativeLines="$(echo "$nativeLines" | grep 'Apache Tomcat Native')" 
        && nativeLines="$(echo "$nativeLines" | sort -u)" 
        && if ! echo "$nativeLines" | grep 'INFO: Loaded APR based Apache Tomcat Native library' >&2; then 
            echo >&2 "$nativeLines"; 
            exit 1; 
        fi
    
    EXPOSE 8080
    CMD ["catalina.sh", "run"]
  3. 使用 docker build 命令通过 Dockerfile 创建一个镜像 my-tomcat:9.0.8-jre8

    [root@localhost tomcat]# docker build -t my-tomcat:9.0.8-jre8 .
    Sending build context to Docker daemon 10.75 kB
    ...
  4. 稍等片刻,创建完成后就可以在本地的镜像列表里查找到刚刚创建的镜像

    [root@localhost tomcat]# docker images my-tomcat
    REPOSITORY   TAG           IMAGE ID         CREATED        SIZE
    my-tomcat    9.0.8-jre8    d0ff57656e50     11 days ago    463.8 MB

运行 tomcat 容器

首先创建 tomcat/webapps/demo 目录并在 demo 目录下放一个 index.html 文件,内容如下

<!DOCTYPE html>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<h2>Hello www.cmsblogs.cn</h2>
<p>大白菜博客,学的不仅仅是技术,更是梦想!</p>

然后使用 docker run 运行 my-tomcat 容器

[root@localhost tomcat]# docker run -d --name tomcat -p 8080:8080 -v $PWD/webapps/demo:/usr/local/tomcat/webapps/demo tomcat:9.0.8-jre8
e139c23bf7bc3a4926db947e63fa0c07b771fc9b400645668945c07cb8dfd05a

命令说明

  1. -p 8080:8080

    将容器的 8080 端口映射到主机的 8080 端口

  2. -v $PWD/webapps/demo:/usr/local/tomcat/webapps/demo

    将主机中当前目录下的 webapps/demo 挂载到容器的 /usr/local/tomcat/webapps/demo

查看容器启动情况

可以使用 docker ps -a 查看 tomcat 容器的运行状况

[root@localhost tomcat]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE               STATUS
e139c23bf7bc   tomcat:9.0.8-jre8   Up About a minute

通过浏览器访问 http://localhost:8080/demo/

输出如下

20201207122415446.png

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